Prevalence and Community Awareness of Taenia multiceps Metacestodes in Mianwali Cattle: Implications for Coenurosis Management

Abstract

Taenia multiceps is a cestode parasite predominantly residing in the small intestines of canids, including foxes, coyotes, jackals, and domestic dogs. Recent cases of Taenia multiceps-related illnesses have been reported in cattle in Mianwali, Pakistan. This study aimed to evaluate community awareness, identify susceptibility factors, and determine the prevalence of Taenia multiceps metacestode (Coenurus cerebralis) and other Taenia metacestodes, particularly hydatid cysts, in sheep and goats slaughtered in the Mianwali district. This research represents the first documentation of coenurosis caused by C. cerebralis in slaughtered small ruminants within this region. Among the 338 carcasses examined, hydatid cysts and C. cerebralis infections were identified in 2.95% and 4.43%, respectively; several cases also exhibited concurrent diseases. Contributing factors to the persistence of coenurosis include the prevalent use of dogs for herding, a significant dog population, close interactions between small ruminants and dogs, limited community knowledge regarding coenurosis transmission, unrestricted dog access to carcasses and offal containing viable C. cerebralis cysts, and inadequate veterinary care for dogs, particularly concerning anthelmintic treatment. Understanding the epidemiology of coenurosis is vital for effective management and control measures to safeguard animal health and mitigate disease transmission. It is imperative to develop a comprehensive control strategy or program to address these challenges. Further research is warranted to enhance the regulation of coenurosis, with the findings of this study serving as a foundation for future investigative efforts.