Bioceramic-Mediated Pulp Preservation in Immature Permanent Teeth: A Regenerative Continuum Model

Abstract

Preservation of pulp vitality in immature permanent teeth remains a critical goal in contemporary endodontic practice due to its importance in continued root development and long-term tooth survival. Bioceramic materials have emerged as bioactive agents capable of supporting pulp healing, dentin bridge formation, and regenerative responses through their biocompatibility, sealing ability, and stimulation of cellular activity. This abstract proposes a regenerative continuum model in which bioceramic-mediated pulp preservation is viewed not as a single therapeutic endpoint, but as a spectrum ranging from pulp protection and repair to partial and complete tissue regeneration. Within this framework, vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontic procedures are interconnected biological processes influenced by material properties, pulp status, and host response. Understanding pulp preservation through this continuum model allows for more flexible clinical decision-making and highlights the role of bioceramics in promoting favorable biological outcomes in immature permanent teeth. This approach supports a paradigm shift toward biologically driven, minimally invasive strategies aimed at sustaining pulp vitality and enabling natural root maturation.